India’s Submarine Program: Comprehensive Multi-Track Development And Strategic Partnerships

India’s submarine modernisation program represents one of the world’s most complex and ambitious naval expansion initiatives, with multiple concurrent projects spanning conventional diesel-electric boats, nuclear-powered attack submarines, and autonomous underwater vehicles. The comprehensive program encompasses six major initiatives progressing at different stages, combining indigenous
India’s submarine modernisation program represents one of the world’s most complex and ambitious naval expansion initiatives, with multiple concurrent projects spanning conventional diesel-electric boats, nuclear-powered attack submarines, and autonomous underwater vehicles. The comprehensive program encompasses six major initiatives progressing at different stages, combining indigenous
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