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Destinus has unveiled two drone programs capable of making firing decisions. The “Hornet” is designed to destroy other drones, while the Destinus G is an unmanned fighter aircraft specialized in aerial combat.
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Project view of Destinus-G hypersonic UAV   (Picture source: Destinus )

Destinus first made a name for itself just a year ago with its hypersonic commercial aircraft project presented at the Paris Air Show and then at Vivatech. The Swiss startup, which now has an office in Paris, has concurrently been active in the military sector. This company, founded by Russian Mikhail Kokorich, also secretly supplied hundreds of drones to Ukraine.

Destinus initially developed the Lord, a drone designed for intelligence gathering, electronic jamming, and electromagnetic interception. This model does not use GPS and is not remotely piloted. An artificial intelligence analyzes the terrain it flies over.

A more sophisticated model, the Hornet, is in preparation, as revealed by the leader on BFM Business last January. In an interview given to the Finnish media Yle, Mikhail Kokorich detailed this program which aims not only at mapping or serving as a telecommunications relay. The Hornet will also be able to destroy Russian drones in flight thanks to an AI that enables it to track them.

Destinus, which plans to deliver these drones to Ukraine, contextualizes the topic by affirming that in Ukraine, the targets of the Hornet could be, for example, the slow-moving Shahed drones or Russian reconnaissance drones that reveal, for instance, the location of Ukrainian artillery.

In this interview with the Finnish press, Mikhail Kokorich expressed his desire to go even further. The leader announced that in 3 to 5 years, he will start the production of Destinus G, a new generation of drone. It would be an unmanned fighter jet capable of performing combat missions. It could become a shield against enemy aircraft, subsonic, supersonic, and hypersonic missiles. This supersonic drone could be remotely piloted or operated by an AI.

Mikhail Kokorich has a rather astonishing background. This Russian engineer from Siberia left Russia after Vladimir Putin came to power. He officially announced on X (formerly Twitter) his decision to renounce his Russian citizenship.

He initially moved to the United States before going to Switzerland to launch the startup Destinus in 2021, whose headquarters are now in France. Michel Friedling, a former general of the Air and Space Force and the first commander of the Space (2019 to 2022), joined the board of the startup, which employs 170 people and has factories in Munich, Madrid, and Hengelo in the Netherlands.

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The U.S. Air Force has deployed several F-22 Raptor stealth fighter jets to South Korea, emphasizing the United States’ commitment to maintaining a robust defense posture in the Indo-Pacific region. According to an announcement made by the Department of Defense on May 12, 2024, these advanced aircraft arrived at Kunsan Air Base, located 178 kilometers south of Seoul.
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An F-22 Raptor, assigned to Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, flies over Kunsan Air Base, Republic of Korea, May 13, 2024 (Picture source: US DoD)

The deployment of the F-22 Raptors is a significant move, showcasing the Pacific Air Forces’ ability to deploy, position, and redeploy forces from various strategic locations. The exact number of F-22 jets involved in this deployment has not been disclosed, but an image released by the U.S. 8th Fighter Wing shows at least four aircraft on the tarmac at Kunsan Air Base.

This marks the first public arrival of F-22 jets in South Korea since their appearance at the Seoul International Aerospace & Defense Exhibition in October of last year. The return of these stealth fighters after a seven-month absence is seen as a response to ongoing regional tensions and a demonstration of the U.S. Air Force’s operational flexibility.

Analysts suggest that the presence of the F-22 jets could pave the way for joint air drills with South Korean forces, potentially involving the country’s F-35A fighters. Such exercises would enhance the interoperability of the two allies’ air forces and demonstrate a united front in the face of potential threats. The F-22 Raptor, known for its advanced stealth capabilities, agility, and precision, plays a crucial role in maintaining air superiority. Its deployment to South Korea is part of broader efforts to ensure regional stability and reinforce defense commitments to allies.

The F-22 Raptor is a fifth-generation stealth fighter aircraft developed by Lockheed Martin for the United States Air Force. Production of the F-22 began in the late 1990s, with the first operational jets delivered in 2005. The aircraft officially entered service in December 2005.

The F-22 is known for its advanced stealth capabilities, supercruise (the ability to sustain supersonic flight without using afterburners), exceptional agility, and integrated avionics, making it a formidable asset for air superiority missions.

The F-22 Raptor is powered by two Pratt & Whitney F119-PW-100 turbofan engines and is equipped with a sophisticated suite of sensors and avionics that provide unparalleled situational awareness. It has a maximum speed of Mach 2.25 and can operate at altitudes above 50,000 feet. The F-22’s primary role is to achieve and maintain air dominance, though it is also capable of ground attack, electronic warfare, and signal intelligence missions. Its combination of stealth, speed, agility, and advanced systems makes it one of the most advanced and capable fighter jets in the world.

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During the Balikatan military exercise in the Philippines, the U.S. Army’s 1st Multi-Domain Task Force (MDTF) utilized the Kraus Hamdani Aerospace K1000 drone in Basco, as reported by the U.S. Department of Defense on May 6, 2024. This platform was deployed to fly over the South China Sea to gather data for the Extended Range Sensing and Effects Company.
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The K1000 solar-powered drone (Picture source: Kraus Hamdani Aerospace)

The 1st MDTF used the exercise to evaluate its organization and identify the best assets to support joint and coalition forces in scenarios where regional access may be contested. The bilateral exercise with the Philippine armed forces took place from April 11 to May 9.

Stationed in Basco on a volcanic island in the Batanes archipelago north of Luzon, the largest island in the Philippines, the ERSE Company’s base was set up in a small air-conditioned tent adjacent to the local commercial airport. Major Seth Holt, the commander of ERSE, stated from his operational center that his goal was to adapt his team to a flexible and easily adjustable multi-domain operational force.

The company includes three platoons specializing in electronic warfare, unmanned aircraft, and high-altitude capabilities like balloons, striving to maintain sensing capabilities from the ground up to about 100,000 feet within the electromagnetic spectrum, a crucial domain for communication management and weapons guidance in modern conflicts.

Troops used the K1000 drone to monitor areas of interest and collect significant data, which was then shared with Philippine forces, enhancing interoperability between the two nations. Although the K1000 is not an official program, it has been used in various trials and can fly for 76 hours on its solar panels, while remaining difficult to detect, often mistaken for a bird by radars.

Kraus Hamdani Aerospace, a California-based company, produces the K1000, a solar-powered vertical takeoff and landing drone designed to operate as a “pseudo-satellite” capable of data exchange across networked platforms. This advanced system, with a range of 1,000 miles and a maximum altitude of 20,000 feet, is equipped with lithium-ion photovoltaic propulsion and a folding propeller. It also features a user-friendly, “gamified” control interface that allows a single operator to manage a swarm of these drones.

In addition to drones, the ERSE Company also experimented with high-altitude balloons, using Urban Sky’s Stratospheric Microballoon, a non-polluting and hard-to-detect system that could potentially carry payloads to extend network capabilities.

The 1st MDTF initiative, established in 2018, is part of a series of multidomain task forces aimed at shaping the Army’s Multi-Domain Operations doctrine, formalized in 2022. These forces cover various operational theaters from the Indo-Pacific to Europe, designed to work in concert to optimize sensing and targeting capabilities.

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Airbus is set to develop a manned-unmanned teaming (MUM-T) capability to enable the Eurofighter Typhoon combat aircraft to remotely control ‘loyal wingmen’ under the System and Teaming Advanced Research (STAR) program.
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An artistic impression shows the concept of a loyal wingman (Electronic Combat Wingman – ECW) being remotely controlled by a Eurofighter EK electronic combat aircraft.(Picture source: Airbus)

A recent job posting by Airbus for a chief engineer on the STAR project detailed the key objectives, highlighting the role of the Eurofighter as a precursor to the Future Combat Air System (FCAS)/Système de Combat Aérien du Futur (SCAF) program.

According to the announcement, the project will be conducted at Airbus Defence and Space’s facilities in Manching, southern Germany, as part of the X-Platform Capability Study (XPCS). The initiative aims to demonstrate MUM-T capabilities on the Eurofighter, with a long-term goal of integrating command and control functionalities to prepare for FCAS/SCAF.

The project will focus on developing the STAR demonstrator, a twin-seat Eurofighter equipped with advanced cockpit and connectivity features. These enhancements will explore new human-machine interface (HMI) and connectivity technologies for future FCAS/SCAF applications, while evolving the Eurofighter to serve as a future FCAS/SCAF asset, according to Airbus. The XPCS and STAR demonstration objectives are designed to be compatible and complementary to the long-term development efforts (LTE) of the four Eurofighter partner countries.

Although Airbus’s job listing did not explicitly mention it, the Eurofighter’s MUM-T capability will be related to the control of remote carriers (RC) and Electronic Combat Wingman (ECW).

Manned-unmanned teaming (MUM-T) involves operating manned and unmanned systems in a coordinated manner to achieve a common mission objective. As one of the key innovations that will define future airpower, MUM-T relies on intelligent, connected, and modular unmanned systems interconnected by a distributed intelligence network. These systems will act as force multipliers for crewed aircraft, enhancing the team’s capabilities while keeping the pilot out of harm’s way but still in control.

MUM-T is crucial for the creation of Remote Carriers, one of the pillars of the Future Combat Air System (FCAS). In the complex future air combat environment, it will be necessary to deploy unmanned aircraft alongside fighter jets, operating as a team. Remote Carriers will be specially designed UAVs for this role. They will be able to act as remote sensors, carrying a wide range of payloads suitable for intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance (ISTAR) missions. Other versions will have the capability to directly engage threats, both kinetically and non-kinetically (e.g., through electronic attack). The Remote Carriers will be modular, allowing a selected payload to be chosen according to the planned mission and required capabilities, effectively making them multi-mission air combat assets.

Thanks to the cooperation between different types of piloted assets, such as mission aircraft and helicopters, and unmanned assets, MUM-T will bring benefits to a wider range of missions, including search and rescue, maritime surveillance, and border protection. Sensors installed on unmanned systems will improve the coverage of manned platforms, enhancing mission efficiency and effectiveness.

The benefits of Manned-Unmanned Teaming include reducing risk, as unmanned platforms can take on the most dangerous tasks, increasing pilot safety. Additionally, it acts as a force multiplier, enhancing the capabilities of piloted assets with Remote Carriers flying alongside manned aircraft. Finally, MUM-T is an essential pillar for the Future Combat Air System, synergizing the best of manned and unmanned systems.

We are eager to learn more about this project and follow its development over time, but much remains to be done for now, and only artistic impressions have been provided by Airbus. Stay tuned for further updates.

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To modernize its air to air infrastructure, Romania has received approval from the United States for the acquisition of AIM-9X Sidewinder Block II missiles, signaling a deepening alliance between the two countries. This approval led to the signing of a $70 million contract between Romania and Raytheon.
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Romanian Air force F-16 during training flight  (Picture source: Romanian MoD)

The decision to equip the Romanian Air Force’s F-16 fleet with these air-to-air missiles comes in the context of growing concerns about security threats in the region. With Block II technology at its disposal, Romania is ready to enhance its operational readiness and deter potential aggressors.

In january 2024, Romania starts receiving 32 F-16 from Norway, Upon finalization of the agreement with Norway and receipt of the F-16s, Romania will have 49 such fighters, including the 17 units previously acquired from Portugal. These fighters will form three squadrons, allowing Romania to phase out its Soviet-era MiG-21s completely. Defense Minister Angel Tilvar emphasized the excellent condition of the purchased aircraft and stated that the F-16 is a well-known fighter across the globe and will remain in NATO country armies for an extended period.

The U.S. Charge d’Affaires Michael Dickerson hailed this approval as a testament to the enduring partnership between Romania and the United States, emphasizing that the sale transcends mere transactional significance. “This acquisition is not just a transaction; it is a testament to our shared commitment to security and peace,” Dickerson remarked. “These advanced missiles will ensure the security of the Romanian skies, thus strengthening our collective defense posture.”

The AIM-9X Sidewinder Block II missiles represent the current air-to-air missile technology deployed by the U.S. military. With their precision and reliability, these munitions will equip Romania with a deterrent capability, protecting its airspace against potential threats.

The U.S. Air Force received its 10,000th short-range air-to-air missile (SRAAM) AIM-9X Sidewinder in 2021, marking a significant milestone in the joint program of the U.S. Navy and Air Force led by Raytheon. Despite this, the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) announced its intention to accelerate the production of the AIM-9X Sidewinder, aiming to produce a total of 2,500 missiles to support various branches of the U.S. military and its foreign partners.

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The Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF) is set to enhance its surveillance capabilities in the South China Sea with the acquisition of three Anka-S unmanned aerial vehicles from Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI). This development was highlighted at the Defence Services Asia 2024 exhibition in Kuala Lumpur, where an RMAF spokesperson provided updates on the progress of the program.

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Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) Anka-S Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (Picture source: Army Recognition)

The spokesperson confirmed that the production of the Anka-S UAVs, specifically designed to meet Malaysian needs, has started at the Turkish Aerospace facilities. To ensure the program remains on track, six RMAF personnel have been stationed in Turkey to directly oversee the production and development processes. Indeed, according to the Military Balance 2023, the Malaysian government established an air force squadron in 2021 to operate the new UAVs.

While details on the training of RMAF personnel for the Anka-S were not disclosed, the spokesperson assured that all preparations were progressing according to the pre-established schedule. The focus is on equipping the UAVs with specialized systems tailored to Malaysia’s strategic needs, particularly in the area of maritime surveillance.

Additionally, the RMAF spokesperson indicated that although there are no immediate plans to acquire additional Anka-S units beyond the initial three, the Air Force is closely monitoring the progress in the development of TAI’s Anka-3, a more advanced unmanned combat air vehicle.

Discussions regarding potential additional acquisitions are still at the preliminary stage of intergovernmental negotiations, according to a representative from Turkish Aerospace. This sentiment was echoed by Turkish Deputy Defense Minister Dr. Celal Sami Tufekci during an interview on the sidelines of the exhibition. Dr. Tufekci confirmed the ongoing installation of mission-specific equipment on the Malaysian Anka-S models and the concurrent training of RMAF personnel.

The TAI Anka is a family of unmanned aerial vehicles developed by Turkish Aerospace Industries primarily for the Turkish Air Force. Named after the Phoenix, a mythological creature known as Zümrüd-ü Anka in Turkish, the Anka was envisioned in the early 2000s for aerial surveillance and reconnaissance missions. It has evolved into a modular platform equipped with synthetic aperture radar, precise weapons, and satellite communication.

The basic version, Anka-A, was classified as a medium-altitude long-endurance UAV for reconnaissance missions. Introduced in 2010, Anka received its first contract from the Turkish Air Force in 2013, which requested further studies in advanced uninterrupted intelligence, reconnaissance, and communication technologies. The aircraft underwent a lengthy development phase to introduce a national mission computer, national flight control system, synthetic aperture radar, indigenous engine, and friend or foe identification system. Anka-B made its first flight in 2014 and completed factory tests in 2015. In 2017, Turkish Aerospace Industries introduced Anka-S, and the aircraft entered service with the Turkish Air Force.

The composite airframe of the Anka-S consists of a monoblock fuselage, detachable wings, V-Tail, retractable landing gear, redundant control surfaces, avionics, payload bays, and service doors. The sandwich skin structure is reinforced by composite or metallic frames, ribs, and supports. Propelled by a pusher-type heavy fuel engine, the aircraft is equipped with fuselage fuel tanks and a fuel system, ice protection system, environmental control system, lighting system, redundant electrical system with battery backup, and harness system.

The composite structure of the Anka-S integrates an indigenously developed fully autonomous flight control computer to provide autonomous waypoint navigation and flight control. The autonomous system also enables the UAV to automatically return to a pre-defined location in the event of a loss of communication with the ground control station.

The Anka-S is equipped with an electro-optic color day camera, electro-optic/forward-looking infrared/laser rangefinder/laser designator and spotter camera, as well as a synthetic aperture radar/ground moving target indicator (SAR/GMTI) and inverse SAR radar, along with satellite communications and electronic intelligence systems.